ABOUT CITY
Atyrau (Kazakh. Atyrau; until October 4, 1991 Guryev) - a city, the regional center of the Atyrau region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is located in the European (western) part of Kazakhstan, along the banks of the Ural River.
It was founded in 1640 by the Guryev brothers, who built a wooden prison near the Nogai, then Kazakh, fishing camp Uyshik at the mouth of the Yaik (in the local Russian dialect “uchug” is a fishing tackle), paying tribute to the Nogai Khanate in Saray-Dzhuk. Then the prison is under the control of the Ural Cossacks. In the years 1647-68. according to the decree of the Russian government, a stone city was built, called the Yaitsky town, after the construction of another Yaitsky town on the site of modern Uralsk, the Lower Yaitsky town or less commonly the Ust-Yaitsky town began to be called, by the 19th century. Guriev is called a town, later simply Guriev. In the years 1667-68. the city was occupied by Stepan Razin. In the years 1810-15. the fortress is abolished and demolished. Since 1885 - a county town on the territory of the Ural Cossack Army. On October 4, 1991, the Guryev city Council of People’s Deputies decided to rename the regional center to the city of Atyrau.
Historically, the river divided the city into two parts: "European" or "Samara" and "Asian" or "Bukhara", poorly populated before. The city was built at first mainly on the Samara side. There, on the initiative of wealthy citizens, a stone church was built, one of the first high buildings of the old city. Atyrau, like Magnitogorsk, is a city located not on the border of Europe and Asia.
The population of Atyrau is about 232,671 people. The city was founded on the coast, but now it is 25-30 km away from it. The first oil refineries and an oil equipment plant were built here, as well as the largest canned fish factory in the Republic. Atyrau, namely the Emba oil-bearing region, has become the center of the oil industry in Kazakhstan. Mechanical engineering is represented by the Atyrau Machine-Building Plant, which produces equipment for the oil and gas industry, a ship-repair factory (Balykshy settlement), TENGIZSHEVROIL LLP - a plant for the extraction and export of oil and associated products, AJIP KCO - an enterprise for the exploration, development and development of deposits, production and sales hydrocarbon feed.
Education in Atyrau is represented by the following institutions: Atyrau State University named after H. Dosmukhamedov, Atyrau Engineering and Humanitarian Institute, Atyrau Institute of Oil and Gas.
KEY SIGHTS
In the Atyrau region there are a lot of monuments of cult (Muslim) architecture of past centuries, mainly ancient necropolises, underground mosques, saganatams, koshkartasy, kulpytasy, sandyktasy. All these monuments are distinguished by a wide variety of forms and motifs of decorative decoration.
The most popular among tourists are recreation areas off the coast of the Ural River; recreation center "Kigach" in the Kurmangazine region, medical and preventive sanatorium "Atyrau", sports and fitness center "Atyrau", "Munaishy". Of great interest to tourists are historical, cultural and architectural monuments, the regional museum of local lore, the Museum of Art. S. Sarina, Regional Drama Theater named after M. Utemisov and Philharmonic named after N. Zhanturin.
50 km from the modern city of Atyrau, there is one of the promising tourist routes, the memorial complex “Khan Ordaly Saraishyk”, which reveals the entire ancient history of the Kazakh people. Its snow-white beauty and grandeur of the beautiful creation of human hands is striking in this memorial complex of seven khans, which includes three buildings: a mosque, a museum and a mausoleum, as well as the area of the remains of the ancient city, where archaeological expeditions conduct research excavations. The shed is one of the most ancient monuments of Kazakhstan. The shed is the cradle of the Kazakh horde. This is the Great Heritage of the Kazakh people and a worship of the origins of antiquity and a connecting thread with the future. Atyrau region has favorable transportation opportunities. Currently, tourist organizations of Atyrau region use the services of air, rail and road transport.
DEVELOPMENT OF BROTHERN RELATIONS
On October 5, 2013, in the city of Atyrau, a Joint Declaration on friendship and cooperation was signed between the city of Atyrau and the city of Magnitogorsk. Guided by a jointly signed declaration, the cities of Atyrau and Magnitogorsk will expand mutually beneficial cooperation in the following areas: promotion of good intentions and mutual understanding, further development of friendly relations between peoples; exchange of experience in the field of local government; exchange and cooperation in the field of culture and science; the creation and development of ties between the youth of the two cities; promotion of trade and tourism; creation and development of cooperation in the field of business and entrepreneurship; attraction of investments and creation of joint ventures.
